N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z v\u00e1s mo\u017en\u00e1 ani netu\u0161\u00ed, co je to polovodi\u010d. Inu, je to velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u011bc v oblasti modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed. V\u011bc, jej\u00ed\u017e elektrick\u00e1 vodivost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vnit\u0159n\u00edch nebo vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich, jako jsou nap\u0159. k\u0159em\u00edk a germanium, m\u016f\u017eeme dokonce naj\u00edt i v periodick\u00e9 tabulce prvk\u016f. Asi se pt\u00e1te, zda se d\u00e1 bez takov\u00fdch polovodi\u010d\u016f v\u016fbec obej\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Modern\u00ed sv\u011bt by se bez nich neobe\u0161el<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee lid\u00e9 po stalet\u00ed \u017eili i bez nich, av\u0161ak pro dne\u0161n\u00ed modern\u00ed sv\u011bt by bylo z\u00e1sadn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem tyto sou\u010d\u00e1sti nem\u00edt. Kdyby roku 1947 v Bellov\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch nebyl vynalezen prvn\u00ed tranzistor, co\u017e je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed polovodi\u010dov\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1stka, sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta by nikdy nespat\u0159ily v\u011bci jako mobiln\u00ed telefon, osobn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed televize nebo t\u0159eba raketopl\u00e1n Challenger. V\u00fdvojov\u011b by se technologie zastavily n\u011bkde na \u00farovni 50. a 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okusili bychom \u017eivot na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Komunikace by prob\u00edhala st\u00e1le pomoc\u00ed dopis\u016f a pevn\u00fdch linek. Elektrick\u00e9 kytary na na\u0161ich milovan\u00fdch vinylov\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch by st\u00e1le hr\u00e1ly v\u00fdborn\u011b. V\u00e1lky a vojensk\u00e1 st\u0159etnut\u00ed by nejsp\u00ed\u0161 vypadaly jako z 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, proto\u017ee by technicky v\u016fbec nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyv\u00edjet a odpalovat nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 st\u0159ely na c\u00edle, kter\u00e9 ani nevid\u00edme. Vlakov\u00e1 doprava by byla b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ta leteck\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bez polovodi\u010d\u016f bychom elekt\u0159inu mohli vyu\u017e\u00edvat \u201epouze\u201c na sv\u00edcen\u00ed, topen\u00ed a n\u011bjak\u00fd pohyb pomoc\u00ed elektromotor\u016f. \u00dapln\u00fdm vrcholem by byly nejsp\u00ed\u0161 r\u00e1dia a \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9 televize.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u011blo by to i sv\u00e9 v\u00fdhody<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bez v\u0161emo\u017en\u00e9 digitalizace by byl mo\u017en\u00fd klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, lid\u0161t\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a taky pomalej\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot s hlub\u0161\u00edmi vztahy. Asi posledn\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed je fakt, \u017ee bychom se toho nemuseli tolik u\u010dit ve fyzice. Co mysl\u00edte vy? Dok\u00e1\u017eete si p\u0159edstavit \u017eivot bez t\u011bchto vymo\u017eenost\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u011bkujeme panu u\u010diteli Vejmelkovi za poskytnut\u00ed zdroj\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch jsme \u010derpali informace pro tento text.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Jsou polovodi\u010de d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9? Co kdybychom je nem\u011bli? Dok\u00e1\u017eeme se bez nich obej\u00edt? Jak by sv\u011bt bez nich vypadal?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":183,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[41,39,17,43],"tags":[51,50],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":185,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions\/185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zpravodaj.gymnsostelc.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}